- Antigens are
macromolecule that stimulates an immune response in the body. The word
originated from the notion that they can stimulate antibody generation.
An antigen may be a foreign substance from the environment such as
chemicals, bacteria, viruses, or pollen. An antigen may also be formed
within the body, as with bacterial toxins or tissue cells.
- Antigens can be
proteins, polysaccharides and conjugates of lipids with
proteins(lipoproteins) and polysaccharides(glycolipids). Antigens can be
classified in order of their origins. They are exogenous antigens,
endogenus antigens, autoantigens.
- Exogenous antigens
are antigens that have entered the body from the outside, for example by
inhalation, ingestion, or injection.
- Endogenous antigens
are antigens that have been generated within the cell, as a result of
normal cell metabolism, or because of viral or intracellular bacterial
infection.
- An autoantigen is
usually a normal protein or complex of proteins (and sometimes DNA or
RNA) that is recognized by the immune system of patients suffering from
a specific autoimmune disease.
- Tumor antigens are
those antigens that are presented by the MHC I molecules on the surface
of tumor cells. These antigens can sometimes be presented only by tumor
cells and never by the normal ones. In this case, they are called
tumor-specific antigens (TSAs) and typically result from a tumor
specific mutation.
- The amount of
antigen needed to generate a monoclonal antibody varies greatly from one
antigen to another. Projects involving antigens that are extremely
immunogenic (such as insect lectins) may only require 0.3-0.6 mgs.
Projects where the antigen is weakly immunogenic (such as short
peptides) may require 1.0 - 5.0 mgs.
- Strategic
Diagnostics Inc. (SDI), a major developer and producer of antibodies and
immunoreagents for a broad range of applications, has responded to this
market demand by developing Genomic Antibodies, a quicker,
cost-effective and more reliable way of producing custom antibodies.
With SDI’s Genomic Antibodies technology...physically obtaining the
antigen gene; the expression and purification of the antigen; synthesis
of peptides; testing, storage, and shipping of the antigen; antigen
conjugation; and considerable costs are all eliminated.
- In response to
market demands for an alternative method, SDI has developed an antigen
expression method that removes antigen development and production work
from the researcher’s laboratory. An additional benefit to moving
antigen development and production to SDI is the consistency and
reliability of a highly robust system.
- Novartis announced
that it has received a contract from the US Department of Health and
Human Services (HHS) of approximately USD 55 million. The contract
supports the company's efforts to bring the antigen-sparing capabilities
of the MF59 adjuvant to the United States.
- Retinal S-antigen is
a soluble protein of about 50,000 daltons, which is associated with
photoreceptor outer segments and which has a potent autoantigenic
activity.
- S-antigen for
induction of EAU generally has been prepared from bovine retinas by a
procedure involving ammonium sulfate precipitation and gel filtration
followed by ion exchange chromatography1 or isoelectric
focusing.
- Peptides are complex
molecules and each peptide sequence is unique with regard to its
chemical and physical properties. Peptides are synthesized by the
solid-phase method using Fmoc chemistry on an Omega 396 multiple peptide
synthesizer from Advanced ChemTech.The peptide synthesis service
provides a complete spectrum of services that include, synthesis,
cleavage, HPLC purification, peptide modifications, cyclization and mass
analysis for quality assurance.
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General
Introduction
- Antigen, Antibody,
Vaccine
- The Excretion of
Antigen
- Occurrence of a
Common Lipopolysaccharide Antigen
- Antigen
- Custom Antibody
Development
- Frequently Asked
Questions
- Antigen
Retrieval
Technology
- Better Antibody
Detection Through Single Antigen Technology
- Innovative Solutions
in Proteomics
- Polymer
Microstructures for Multianalyte Protein Assay
- New Antigen
Microarray Technology Opens Window to Better Disease Screening
- A Novel Antigen
Technology
- Use of In
Vivo-Induced Antigen Technology
- Advances in
Monoclonal Antibody Technology
Products
- R antigen
Antibodies
- Blood Group Kell
Antigen Antibody [BRIC 203] (ab11463) Datasheet
- Antigen-Antibody
Pens
- Anti - Onconeural
Antibodies
- Rotavirus Group
Specific Antigen Antibody
Antigen
Production
- Standardization of
Procedures of Plasmodium Falciparum Antigen Preparation for Serologic
Tests
- Extraction of Equine
Infectious Anemia Immunodiffusion Antigen
- Antigenic
Determinant of the Lancefield Group H Antigen of Streptococcus
sanguis
- Monoclonal Antibody
Production
- Polyclonal Antibody
Production
- A general method for
antigen production
- Modulation of
Antigen Processing/Presentation Pathways
- Production of a
monoclonal antibody
- Novel Antigen
Production
- Antibody Polyclonal
Production
- The Antigen
Processing Machinery of Class I Human Leukocyte Antigens
- Reduced Antigen
Production
- Refinement of
Polyclonal Antibody Production
Antigen
Expression
- Cluster Analysis of
Biological Data - Gene Expression and Antigen Reactivity
- Identification and
Expression of Antigen Genes
- Mast Cell Regulation
of Inflammation and Gene Expression during Antigen-Induced Bladder
Inflammation in Mice
- Expression of
Polyomavirus Middle T Antigen in Rat Fibroblasts
- Regulation of Human
Monocyte HLA-DR and CD4 Antigen Expression
- Systematic Variables
Affecting Simian Virus 40-Induced TAntigen Expression
- Targeting Transgene
Expression to Antigen-Presenting cells
Antigen
Conjugation and Peptide Synthesis
- Monoclonal Antibody
against a Conjugation-Specific Nuclear Antigen in Paramecium
Caudatum
- Conjugation of a
self-antigen
- A Single
Antigen-Specific B cell Can Conjugate to Either a Type 1 or a Type 2
helper T cell
- Peptide
Synthesis
- Synthetic Peptide
Vaccine Design
Antigen
Purification
- Characterization and
Purification of Lupus Antigen La, an RNA Binding Protein
- Fraction 1 Capsular
Antigen (F1) Purification
- Purification and
Characterization of the Serotype c Antigen
- Purification of
Biologically Active Simian Virus 40 Small Tumor Antigen
- Purification of
Retinal 5-Antigen
Antigen
Recognition and Shipping
- The Interaction of
Antibodies With Antigens
- Antigen
Presentation
- Antigen Receptor
Diversity
- Histocompatibility
Molecules
- Antigen
Receptors
- Technical
Suggestions for Sending Antigen
- Shipping Instructions for Antigens
Antigen
Testing
- Testing for p24
Antigen
- Carcinoembryonic antigen test
- Cryptococcus
- Histoplasma
antigen assay-testing at laboratories other than MiraVista
Diagnostics
- Cryptococcal
Antigen Test Revisited
|
Patent
- Capsular
Polysaccharide Adhesion Antigen Preparation, Purification and
Use
- Microorganism
Antigen Extraction Methods
- Antibody Against a
Mast Cell Surface Antigen
- Method and Device of
Rapid Antigen Extraction
- Pertussis Toxin
Gene:Cloning and Expression of Protective Antigen
- Prostate - Specific
Membrane Antigen
- Surface
Antigen
- Nucleotidic Sequence
Coding the Surface Antigen of the Hepatitis B Virus, Vector Containing
Said Nucleotidic Sequence, Process Allowing the Obtention Thereof And
Antigen Obtained ThereBy
Market
- Keeping Up with the
Push to Get to Market Faster
- Monoclonal
Antibodies 2007
- An Analysis Of
Market
- Antibodies
2005
- Antigen Production
Unit
- Monoclonal
antibodies market
- Worldwide antibody market to reach $26
billion
Company
Profile
- Biomedica
- Pevion
Biotech
- AspenBio
Pharma, Inc
- Generex
Biotechnology Corporation
- ImmunoGen
- Micromum
- One Lambda
- Oragenics
Machinery
Suppliers
- Autoclave Trade
Leads
- Infant
Incubator
- Medical Infant
Incubator
- Silicaware
- Machinery
Suppliers
Consultants
- AYMERIC de
PARSEVAL
- M-SCAN
- Dorothee
Herlyn
- Experts
- Immunochemistry
Technologies
Project
-
- Activating receptors
on antigen presenting cells
- Production of Fully
Human Polyclonal Antibodies in Genetically Modified Pigs
- Recombinat anti-H5N1 polyclonal antibody for treatment or
prophylaxis of avian influenza
- Antigen
Discovery
- Sea lice of
Salmonids
- Evolution of the
antigen presentation system and pathogenic evasion
- Tumor Antigen Project
Reports
- Novartis receives US
government contract to further develop a novel antigen
technology
- GSK reports
significant advance in H5N1 pandemic flu vaccine programme
- Hepatitis B Surface
Antigen Assays
- Medicare Antigen
Preparation
- OPTN/UNOS Pancreas
Transplantation Committee Descriptive Data Request
- Immunoaffinity
Purification of S-Antigen Using Monoclonal Antibodies to Different
Antigenic Sites
- Regulation of
squamous cell carcinoma antigen production
- New Antibody
Production Technology Eliminates Need for Antigen Development
Guidelines
- Hepatitis B -
a patient's guide
- Prostae
Specific Antigen (PSA) Screening - a patient's guide
- Antigen User
Guide
- Polyclonal Antibody
Production in Rabbits
- Polyclonal Antibody
Production
- Guidelines on
Polyclonal Antibody Production
Applications
- Application of
Antigen Retrieval
- Applications of
Blood Group Antigen Expression Systems
- An Application to
Autoimmune Diseases
- Development and
Applications of a Bovine Coronavirus Antigen Detection Enzyme
- Kampo Medicines for
Mite Antigen-Induced Allergic Dermatitis in NC/Nga Mice
- Preclinical
Application of Radioimmunoguided
Surgery Using Anti-Carcinoembryonic
Antigen
- Surfactant Sodium
Lauryl Sulfate Enhances Skin Vaccination
- Using the TAP
Component of the Antigen-Processing Machinery as a Molecular
Adjuvant
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