- Bioremediation is
defined as the process whereby organic wastes are biologically degraded
under controlled conditions to an innocuous state, or to levels below
concentration limits established by regulatory authorities.
- Bioremediation
process involves detoxification, where the waste is made less toxic, and
mineralization, where the waste material is converted into inorganic
compounds such as carbon dioxide, water and methane.
- According to Dr.
Ting, bioremediation processes may be classified into two main
categories: in-situ and ex-situ.
- Bioremediation can
often be carried out on site, often without causing a major disruption
of normal activities. This also eliminates the need to transport
quantities of waste off site and the potential threats to human health
and the environment that can arise during transportation.
- Bioremediation is
an option that offers the possibility to destroy or render harmless
various contaminants using natural biological activity. As such, it uses
relatively low-cost, low-technology techniques, which generally have a
high public acceptance and can often be carried out on site.
- Factors such as
site conditions, indigenous microorganism population, and the type,
quantity, and toxicity of contaminant chemicals present determine the
bioremediation technology most suitable for a specific site.
- Bioremediation can
be applied to an environmental problem in a variety of ways. The five
general approaches to bioremediation : aboveground reactors, solid phase
treatment, composting, landfarming, and in situ
treatment.
- Bioremediation can
prove less expensive than other technologies that are used for clean-up
of hazardous waste.
- The economics of
bioremediation are almost always significantly more favorable than other
techniques. The primary reason is that there is no need for the hauling
and expensive disposal costs of contaminated soils.
- It is estimated
that bioremediation costs 1/3 to 1/2 that of incineration, and for
complex mixtures of waste, bioremediation typically offers savings of
60-90% over landfill-disposal costs.
- The estimated cost
of biotreatment of biodegradable contaminants in soil to range between
$40 and $100 per cubic yard, as compared with cost as high as $250-$800
per cubic yard for incineration and $150-$250 per yard for
landfilling.
- The current
technology-based land remediation market is worth in the region of £120
– £130 million. Technologies such as soil washing, bioremediation and
other extractive methods have developed to a stage where they are both
commercially viable and compete head-to-head with excavate and landfill
options.
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General
Information
- Overview
- Introduction to
Bioremediation
- BioBasis
Bioremediation
- Environmental
Inquiry
- Regulation and
Development
of Bioremediation
- Scitalk
- Biotransformation
of toxic wastes to harmless products
Process
- Bioremediation
Process
- Aerobic - Anaerobic
Bioremediation
- Bioremediation Treatment
Approaches
- In Situ Bioremediation Of
Chlorinated Ethane
- Biosite System
- Semi-Solid State
Bioremediation Of CCA
- Enhanced In-Situ
Bioremediation Process
- Contamination
- Augmented In Situ
Subsurface Bioremediation Process
- Bioremediation
Process
- Schematic Of
Bioremediation Process
- Evaluation Of the
Biostimulation And Bioaugmentation Techniques in The
Bioremediation
Principles
- Principles And Practices
Of Enhanced Anaerobic Bioremediation Of Chlorinated Solvents
- Fundamental Principles Of
Bioremediation
- General
Principles
- Principles Of
Bioremediation
Applications
- In-Situ Groundwater
Bioremediation
- Principles and
Applications
- Use Of Commercial
Bioremediation Agents
- Bioremediation Of
Aircraft Deicing Fluids At Airports
- Bioremediation Of Wastes
In the Agricultural And Food Industries
- Production Of CO2 In
Crude Oil Bioremediation In Clay Soil
- Bioremediation And Its
Application To Exxon Valdez Oil Spill
Patent
- Bioremediation
Treatment Of Contaminated Water
- Electrons Donors For
Chlorinated Solvent Source Area Bioremediation
- Foam Transport Process
For In-Situ Remediation
- Light Weight Medium For
Growing Microorganisms
- Method For Accelerated
Bioremediation
- Bio slurry Reaction
System
- Screening Of
Microorganisms For Bioremediation
Consultants
- Weston
Solutions
- CytoCulture
- Environmental Litigation
Associates
- Innovative Engineering
Solutions, Inc.,
- Intergeo Environmental
Technology Ltd
- RespirTek
- Environmental
Firms
Bioremediation
Centers
- Bedrock Bioremediation
center
- Center for Environmental
Diagnostics & Bioremediation
- Center For
Bioremediation
- Hazardous Substance
Research Centers
- Bioremediation &
Treatability Center
- Governor's Office Of
Economic Development
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Technology
- Bioremediation of
Chlorinated Solvents
- A New Approach for
Biodegradation
- Development Of an
Organotin Removal Process Utilizing Marine Bioremediation
- Bioremediation
Technology
- Bioremediation Techniques
On Crude Oil Contaminated Soils
- Cost And Performance
Reporting for In Situ Bioremediation Technologies
- Enhanced aerobic
Bioremediation
- Bio Remediation
Techniques For responding To Oil Spills At Sea
- Phytotechnology
- Enhanced In Situ
Bioremediation-Innovative Technology
Company
Profiles
- Flinders
Bioremediation
- North American Wetland
Engineering
- Alabaster Bioremediation
Corp
- BioDiversity
Ltd
- Response Bioremediation
Limited
- Aerotech
P&K
- Fiton Technologies
Corp.
- Helix Laboratories,
Inc
- Hepaco
- Microbes,Inc
- Companies List
Projects
- Bioremediation Of
Excavated Petroleum Contaminated Soil
- US-Poland Bioremediation
Projects
- Natural Remediation
Projects Using Time Release Oxygen Compounds
- Soil And Water
Bioremediation Projects
- Global Investors Project
Ideas
- Indo-Swiss Collaboration
In Biotechnology
- Bioremediation Project
Experience
- Subsurface Bioremediation
Process Monitoring Indicators
Market
- Overview of Hazardous
Waste In South East England
- Interest Increase in
Using Plants For Environmental Remediation
- US Geological
Survey
- Evolver Technology
Market
- Bioremediation Fact
Sheet
- Demand For Remediation Of
Underground Storage Tank Sites
- Markets And Technology
Trends
Reports
- Award for Bioremediation
Of Contaminated Soil
- Annual Performance
Report
- Bedrock Annual
Report
- Biotechnology And
Biological Sciences Research Report
- Bioremediation Using
Poplar Trees
- Tellijohn Sanitary
Landfill Report
- Annual Report
2005
Guidelines
- Guide To
Bioremediation
- Soil
Bioremediation
- Guidelines For the
Bioremediation Of Oil- Contaminated Salt Marshes
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