Antibiotics
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Project at a Glance Contents on the CD ROM
  • Antibiotic is a substance produced by certain bacteria or fungi. With their growth, they kills other cells or interferes.
  • In nature, these substances help some microbes survive by limiting the multiplication of other microbes that share the same environment.
  • Antibiotics that attack pathogenic (means disease-causing) microbes, without severely harming normal body cells are useful as drugs.
  • Antibiotics are especially useful for treating infections caused by bacteria.
  • During the 1940's, Antibiotics came into widespread use and at that time, they were often called "wonder drugs" as because they cured many of the bacterial diseases that were once fatal.
  • The number of deaths caused by tuberculosis, pneumonia, meningitis,   and scarlet fever declined drastically after antibiotics became available.
  • Today, physicians are prescribing the antibiotics to treat many diseases caused by bacteria.
  • Antibiotics are not effective against colds, influenza, or any other viral diseases. In addition, the effectiveness of antibiotics is limited because both pathogenic microbes and cancer cells can become resistant to them.
  • Antibiotics fight microbes and cancer cells by interfering with normal cell functions.
  • In most cases, this interference occurs in one of the following three ways: prevention of cell wall formation, or disruption of the cell membrane (covering), and disruption of chemical processes.
  • In severe infections, presumptive therapy with a broad-spectrum antibiotic such as a 3rd generation cephalosporin may be the appropriate one.
  • Antibiotics are usually taken by mouth (orally). However, they can also be applied directly to the affected part of the body or  administered by injection.
  • The compounds that make the fermentation broth are the primary raw materials required for antibiotic production.
  • This broth is an aqueous solution made up of all of the ingredients necessary for the proliferation of the microorganisms.
  • Typically, it contains a carbon source like soy meal or molasses, both of which are made up of lactose and glucose sugars.
  • These materials are needed as a food source for the organisms. Nitrogen is another necessary compound in the metabolic cycles of the organisms.
  • For this reason, an ammonia salt is typically used. And additionally, trace elements needed for the proper growth of the antibiotic-producing organisms are included.
  • These are components such as phosphorus, zinc, iron, sulfur, magnesium,  and copper introduced through water soluble salts.
  • To prevent foaming during fermentation, anti-foaming agents such as lard oil, octadecanol, and silicones are used.
  • Although most antibiotics occur in nature, they are not normally available in the quantities necessary for large-scale production.
  • According to Global Research and data services, World Antibiotics Market is expected to Reach US$40.3 Billion by 2015 and 34.1 Billion Euros by 2016.
  • The market expansion is expected to be 4.6% in the coming years.
General
  • Antibiotics
  • Antibiotics.
  • Definition about Antibiotic
  • Antibiotics Introduction
  • What Are Antibiotics? How Do Antibiotics Work?

Facts

  • Interesting Facts About Antibiotics
  • Facts You Should Know
  • Facts About Antibiotic Resistance
  • Antibiotic Facts
  • Antibiotics and Sinusitis
  • The Facts About Antibiotics

Consumption

  • Summary of latest data on antibiotic consumption in the European Union
  • Measurement of antibiotic consumption
  • The Danish system adopted for the reduction of antibiotic consumption in pigs
  • Antibiotic Consumption and Resistance in Sweden
  • Ten years of antibiotic consumption in ambulatory care

Manufacturing process

  • Production of penicillin
  • How antibiotics may be manufactured on a large scale
  • A Web Based Program for Dynamic Simulation of Fed-Batch Penicillin Production
  • The Manufacturing Process
  • Increasing antibiotics production
  • What Is Involved in the Production of Antibiotics
  • Medium scale process of antibiotic production
  • Antibiotic Production
  • Microbial Antibiotic Production
  • The History of Antibiotic Production
  • Expedient Antibiotics Production

Raw materials suppliers

  • Broth
  • Copper
  • Iron
  • Lard oil
  • Magnesium
  • Octadecanol
  • Phosphorus
  • Silicone
  • Sulfur
  • Zinc

Manufacturing plant

  • Manufacturing plant from Belgium
  • Manufacturing plant from Germany
  • Manufacturing plant from India
  • Manufacturing plant from Japan
  • Manufacturing plant from Karnataka
  • Manufacturing plant from U.K

Turnkey service providers

  • Turnkey service providers from Europe
  • Turnkey service providers from Italy
  • Another Turnkey service providers from Italy
  • Turnkey service providers from U.K
  • Turnkey service providers from U.S.A
  • Turnkey system

Project

  • LAntibiotic Production: Technology, Optimization and improved Process

News

  • IATP applauds ethanol producer POET’s move to antibiotic-free ethanol production
  • Qld hospitals to help form antibiotic guidelines
  • Common antibiotic boosts spread of deadly superbug
  • Scientists, Farmers Call for End to Antibiotic Use
  • Overuse of antibiotics in animal agriculture endangers humans
  • New Antibiotic in the Works for Dangerous
  • Antibiotic Mouthwash Gets Boost from National Cancer Institute
  • Government to ban over-the-counter sale of 92 antibiotics

MSDS

  • Triple Antibiotic Ointment
  • Tazicef® (Ceftazidime for Injection
  • Cefotaxime for Injection
  • Sultamicillin Tosylate Tablets
  • Dalacin
  • Oxacillin for injection
  • Zithromax® (Azithromycin) for injection
  • Linezolid Injection

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Suppliers
  • Suppliers of Antibiotics
  • Manufacturers of Antibiotics
  • Selling leads of Antibiotics
  • Antibiotic Suppliers
  • Exporters of Antibiotics
  • Antibiotics Suppliers list

Company profiles

  • Company from Jinan city
  • Company from Massachusetts
  • Company from U.K
Market
  • Antibiotic Market
  • Global Antibiotics Market to Reach US$40.3 Billion by 2015
  • Indians popping more antibiotics than ever
  • Antibiotics market in India to become $686 million in 2010
  • World Antibiotics Market to Reach 34.1 Billion Euros in 2016
  • Antibiotics in U.S. Agriculture
  • Resistance anywhere is resistance everywhere
  • The supply and demand for Antibiotics

Resistance

  • Antibiotic resistance
  • The evaluation of Antibiotic resistance
  • Promoting Critically Needed Antibiotic Research and Development and Appropriate Use (“Stewardship”) of these Precious Drugs
  • Regulation of Antibiotic resistance in the US
  • Antibiotic Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens
  • Antibiotic Resistance—An Emerging Public Health Crisis

Danger

  • Antibiotic Dangers to Fetus Highlights Unwise Use of Vaccines, Drugs
  • The hidden dangers of everyday drugs we assume are harmless
  • The Secret Dangers of Antibiotics
  • The Dangers of Antibiotics
  • The danger of Antibiotic overuse

Side effects

  • Antibiotics: side-effects and benefits
  • 10 Facts You Must Know Before Taking Another Antibiotic
  • Popular Antibiotics May Carry Serious Side Effects
  • Antibiotics Can Cause Devastating Side Effects
  • Side-effects to Antibiotics in Cystic Fibrosis

Toxicity

  • Inhibitors of Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis
  • The Use and Misuse of Antibiotics in UK Agriculture
  • Review of Antibiotics
  • Quinolone - Antibiotics toxicity
  • Occupational Asthma in Antibiotic Manufacturing Workers

Report

  • Broad-spectrum antibiotics for spontaneous preterm labour
  • Antibiotics: Will they work when you really need
  • Assessment of antibiotics susceptibility profiles of
    some selected clinical isolates from laboratories in
    Nigeria
  • Antibiotic stewardship – the ultimate return on investment
  • Preserving antibiotics for the future
  • Promoting Antibiotic discovery and development
  • Antibiotic use in long-term care facilities

Study

  • Human Health Implications of
    Non-Therapeutic Antibiotic Use in Animal Agriculture
  • Randomized clinical trial of antibiotic therapy versus appendicectomy as primary treatment of acute appendicitis in unselected patients
  • Use of antibiotics in suspected haemolytic-uraemic syndrome
  • The overuse of antibiotics in food animals & what supermarkets and consumers can do to stop it
  • Antibiotic Prescribing and Use
  • Antibiotics and respiratory tract illness — thinking of patient centred care
  • Antibiotic prophylaxis in surgery
  • Systemic Antibiotics in Periodontics
  • Emergence of a new antibiotic resistance mechanism in India, Pakistan, and the UK

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