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Project at a Glance

Contents on the CD Rom

• Ruthenium is a metallic chemical element which is fairly rare in the Earth's crust.
• Ruthenium is a hard, white metal and has four crystal modifications.
• In appearance, ruthenium is a dull silver-gray element which tends to be very brittle and extremely hard.
• Ruthenium tends to occur along with deposits of platinum and is primarily obtained as a byproduct of mining and refining platinum.
• The metal is not attacked by hot or cold acids or aqua regia, but when potassium chlorate is added to the solution, it oxidises explosively.
• Ruthenium is also a versatile catalyst.
• Ruthenium is a versatile metal that can easily form compounds with carbon ruthenium bonds, as these compounds tend to be darker and react more quickly than the osmium compounds.
• The metal is isolated commercially by a complex chemical process, the final stage of which is the hydrogen reduction of ammonium
  ruthenium chloride, which yields a powder.
• A conventional method for the separation of ruthenium from the platinum metals is based on the distillation of volatile ruthenium tetroxide.
• Ruthenium is obtained by separating it from other platinum metals, such as platinum, palladium, and osmium, with which it occurs.
• Ruthenium is primarily used as an alloying agent.
• The metal is also used to make wear-resistant moving parts for various consumer goods, and it appears in some electronics.
• Ruthenium is also used in some advanced high-temperature single-crystal superalloys, with applications including the turbine blades in jet engines.
• The growing use of ruthenium in widely different fields has made it necessary to develop simple, inexpensive and sensitive methods for its determination.
• Ruthenium catalysts can be used in a range of processes from the manufacture of acetic acid to that of ammonia.
• Demand for ruthenium, the forgotten metal, from the IT sector exploded when a new method of coating computer hard disks, called
  perpendicular magnetic recording, gained popularity.
• The consumption of ruthenium in the sector will grow even faster than the actual sales numbers of drives would indicate.
• Ruthenium use in chip resistors remained flat with component miniaturisation and growth in the electronics market balancing one another in their effect on metal consumption.
• The pgm industry has invested
  substantial amounts to expand ruthenium refining capacity and high volumes of ruthenium were
  processed last year.
• Ruthenium has various valencies (0 to 8 valene) and is not so expensive transition metal; therefore, various useful catalytic reactions for organic synthesis have been explored.

• Element Ruthenium
• Isolation
• Properties
• Chemical properties of ruthenium
• Ruthenium
• Ruthenium - info
• History and Uses
• Oxidation States of Ruthenium and Osmium

• What is Ruthenium?

• Ruthenium
• Ruthenium 535
• Technical Data Sheet
• Bathophenanthroline Ruthenium Chloride MSDS
• Ruthenium Oxide
• Ruthenium Red
• Safety data for ruthenium
• Ruthenium 1000 PPM A/S Standard

• Precious Metal Extraction Process
• Ruthenium Compounds, Their Production and Use
• Removal of Ruthenium By-Product by Supercritical Fluid Processing
• Separation of Uranyl and Ruthenium Values by the Tributyl Phosphate Extraction Process
• Ruthenium Recovery Process by Solvent Extraction
• Ruthenium (II) Compounds for use in the Therapy of Cancer

• Characterization of Ruthenium and Rutheniumoxide Thin Films
  prepared by Atomic Vapor Deposition
• Ruthenium Dioxide pH Electrode in Thick-Film Technology
• Chemical Mechanical Planarization of Ruthenium for Capacitor Bottom Electrode in DRAM Technology
• Novel Ruthenium Catalysts for Atom Transfer Radical Reactions
• Properties of Ruthenium as Diffusion Barrier in Seedless Interconnect Technology
• Nano-layer Of Ruthenium Stabilizes Magnetic Sensors
• Catalysis Nanoscience and Nanotechnology at USC

• Extraction Process
• Extraction of Ruthenium and Its Separation from Rhodium and Palladium with 4-Pyridone Derivatives
• Extraction of Fission Ruthenium in the form of Heterometallic Complexes from Nitrate - Nitrite Solutions
• The Radiochemistry of Ruthenium
• A New Platinum Metals Refinery

Company Profiles and Suppliers

• Company from Oregon
• Company from Japan
• Company from New Jersey
• Company from Okato
• Ruthenium Manufacturers
• Ruthenium Suppliers

Primary Information Services
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