- 1,4-Dioxane, often
called dioxane because the 1,2 and 1,3 isomers of dioxane are rare,
is a heterocyclic organic compound.
- It is a colorless
liquid with a faint sweet odor similar
to that of diethyl ether. It is classified as an ether.
- It is a volatile
organic compound that has a moderate vapor pressure and has a
specific gravity of 1.033. It is very mobile and only weakly
retarded by sorption during transport.
- This colorless liquid
is mainly used as a stabilizer for the solvent trichloroethane. It
is an
occasionally used solvent for a variety of practical applications as
well as in the
laboratory.
- Dioxane is produced by
the acid-catalyzed dehydration of Diethylene glycol, which in turn
arises from the hydrolysis of ethylene oxide.
- Dioxane is primarily
used as a stabilizer for 1,1,1-trichloroethane for storage and
transport in aluminium containers.
- 1,4-Dioxane is a
cyclic ether, and is also known as p-dioxane, diethylene ether,
diethylene dioxide and glycol ethylene ether. This compound is
highly soluble in water, owing to its molecular structure.
- It is flammable and is
available in reagent technical ( more than 99.9% pure),
spectrophotometric and scintillation grades.
- It is used in various
manufacturing process and is included in a variety of consumer and
commercial products.
- Dioxane is used as a
reaction medium solvent in organic chemical manufacture, as a
wetting agent and dispersing agent in textile processing, as a liquid
scintillation
counting medium, as a reagent for laboratory research and testing,
in the preparation of histological sections for microscopic
examination and in stain and printing compositions.
- Uses include paper
manufacturing solvent), paint and varnish remover, deodorants,
shampoos , soaps and cosmetics, in furnigants and pesticides, in
textile manufacturing,
in pharmaceuticals as a purifying agent, and as an antifreeze
additive.
- The concentration of
1,4-Dioxane is measure by relating the MS response of the
quantitation ion to the response of the deuterated surrogate
standard quantitation ion.
- 1,4 dioxane is also
produced as a by-product during the manufacture of polyester.
- It is a recalcitrant
molecule to biodegrade under conventional biotreatment
technologies.
- 1,4-Dioxane is an EPA
priority pollutant often found in contaminated ground waters and
industrial effluents.
- The common
techniques used for water purification are not applicable to
1,4-dioxane and the currently used method (distillation) is
laborious and expensive.
- It is a byproduct of
the hydrolysis of ethylene oxide and can be found in approximately
46% of all personal care products like lotions, shampoos and liquid
soaps.
- Testing for
1,4-Dioxane at low levels can be problematic due to its affinity for
water, decreasing its volatility and purge efficiency by traditional
purge and trap methods.
- Chemical
characteristics of 1,4-dioxane such as high mobility, enable it to
migrate much further than the solvent from which it likely
originated.
- A catalyzed conversion
of diethylene glycol to 1,4-dioxane undertaken over zeolites,
ZSM-5,ZSM-48 and Zeolites beta is characterized by high selectivity.
- Dioxane is an
important industrial solvent for cellulose esters and ether, and
other oils and resins. It can be produced from the less valuable
reactant, diethylene glycol.
- Dehydrating
polyethylene glycol to 1,4-dioxane using a solid cation exchange
resin as the dehydration catalyst.
- A Process for
destroying dioxane in a water vapor stream includes combusting the
stream to decompose dioxane contained therein.
- The process is
particularly useful for removal of dioxane from byproducts streams
which result during the production of polyester.
- A bromine chloride
complex of p-dioxane has been discovered which is useful as a solid
source of bromine chloride.
- A dioxane-bromine
chloride complex formed by mixing bromine chloride with dioxane in
methylene chloride at 10C. has been used to selectively brominate
salicylanilide.
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General
- Dioxane.
- 1,4-Dioxane.
- General
Information.
-
Video Information of 1,4-Dioxane.
- 1,4-dioxane Pathway
Map.
- What 1,4-dioxane is &
where it is found?
- Background
Information about Dioxane.
- Exposure
Data-Dioxane.
- Case history of
1,4-Dioxane.
- 1,4-Dioxane
Action Level.
- Dioxane-Substance
Profile.
MSDS
- 1,4-Dioxane-MSDS.
-
Safety info sheet of Dioxane.
-
MSDS of 1,4-Dioxane.
-
Safety Sheet of Diethylene oxide.
-
Material Safety Sheet of Dioxane.
-
Msds of diethylene ether.
-
Safety data for 1,4-Dioxane.
-
1,4-Dioxane,stabilized-MSDS.
- 1,4-Dioxane
(087)-Safety Sheet.
-
Msds of p-dioxane.
-
Diethylene dioxide MSDS.
-
Safety Data Sheet of 1,4-Dioxane Stabilized.
-
Diethylene Ether Safety sheet.
-
Dioxane-Safety Data Sheet.
-
Diethylene oxide MSDS.
-
Material Sheet of 1,4-Dioxane.
Raw
Materials
-
Diethylene Glycol.
- Ethylene
Oxide.
Fact Sheets
-
1,4-Dioxane - fact sheet.
- Fact
Sheet- 1,4-Dioxane and drinking water.
- 1,4
Dioxane-Health information summary fact sheet.
-
1,4-Dioxane in well water.
-
Technical Fact Sheet - 1,4-Dioxane.
- Fact
sheet of Dioxane.
-
Tucson Water Fact Sheet.
-
Emerging Contaminant-1,4 Dioxane Fact Sheet.
-
Chemical Fact sheet -Dioxane.
-
Hazardous substance fact sheet-1,4-Dioxane.
-
Information sheet of 1,4-Dioxane.
Products
- 1,4 -Dioxane
- Technical Data Sheet.
-
Product Sheet - 1,4-Dioxane.
Toxicity
- 1,4-Dioxane in
the Environment.
-
1,4-Dioxane and our health.
-
Environmental Exposures to 1,4-Dioxane.
-
Cautionary Response Information - 1,4-Dioxane.
-
1,4-Dioxane-flammable liquid.
-
Toxic Ingredient Directory - Dioxane.
-
Toxicity Summary of 1,4-dioxane.
-
1,4-Dioxane and Cosmetic Safety.
-
Risk Assessment Report of 1,4-Dioxane.
-
Toxicological Review of 1,4-dioxane.
-
Occupational exposure to dioxane.
-
Toxicological profile for 1,4-Dioxane.
-
Hazard summary of Dioxane.
Process
- Ex-Situ
Wellhead Treatment of 1,4-Dioxane using Fenton's Reagent.
-
Low level analysis of 1,4-Dioxane by using
large volume injection.
-
Determination of 1,4-Dioxane in drinking water
by solid phase extraction.
-
Analysis of 1,4-Dioxane in Drinking water
using solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-mass
spectrometry.
-
Analysis of 1,4-dioxane in 500mL of drinking
water by mass spectrometry SIM detection.
-
Dioxane Synthesis and Combustion.
Technology
- Isotec technology
effectively treats 1,4-Dioxane.
-
Treatment Technologies for 1,4-Dioxane.
-
Analysis of 1,4-dioxane for EPA method 522 and
UCMR 3.
Guidelines
- ToxGuide
for 1,4-Dioxane.
- Canadian water quality
guidelines for protection of aquatic life.
- Guidelines for
drinking water quality.
- Safety Guide-Personal
care and cleaning products.
- Occupational health
guideline for Dioxane.
- 1,4-Dioxane background
document for development of WHO guidelines for drinking water
quality.
- Health guideline.
Order the CD ROM
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Suppliers
- Suppliers from China.
- Suppliers from India.
- Suppliers list1.
- Suppliers list2.
- List of Suppliers.
- Suppliers from USA.
- Indian Suppliers.
Company profiles
& Consultancy
- Company from China.
- Company1 from India.
- Company2 from India.
- Company from
Gujarat.
- Company from Mumbai.
-
Consultancy from Canada.
-
Consultancy from New York.
Turnkey
Providers
- Turnkey Provider from
California.
- Turnkey Provider from
China.
- Turnkey Provider1 from
USA.
- Turnkey Provider2 from
USA.
- Turnkey Provider3 from
USA.
- Turnkey Provider4 from
USA.
Patent
- Method for
producing 1,4-Dioxane.
-
Production of polyester polyols with low
volumes of dioxane waste.
-
Preparation of Ruthenium-Indenylidene carbene
catalysts.
-
Destroying 1,4-Dioxane in byproduct streams
formed using polyester synthesis.
-
Process of making low dioxane alkoxylate
phosphate esters.
-
Bromine-Chloride-Dioxane Complex.
-
Preparation of aromatic solvent from a dioxane
contaminated aromatic stream.
-
Production of Anhydrous 1,4-Dioxane.
-
Synthesis of Dioxane.
Report
- 1,4-Dioxane-for
household detergent and personal care formulators.
- Optimization of
1,4-Dioxane analysis by purge and trap-GC/MS.
- 1,4-Dioxane in Aqueous
Environmental Samples.
- 1,4-Dioxane
Groundwater contamination in Ann Arbor.
- 1,4-Dioxane Priority
existing.
- Treatment Technologies
for 1,4-Dioxane.
- Treatment of NDMA and
1,4-Dioxane.
- Health-based
recommended occupational exposure limit.
- Managing a significant
release of 1,4-Dioxane into a complex Glacial Depositional
Environment.
- 1,4-dioxane and its
determination in Cosmetics.
- Emerging Contaminants.
- In Situ Chemical
oxidation of 1,4-Dioxane & VOC with Ozone.
- Revealing Intrinsic
Biodegradation of TCE and 1,4-Dioxane.
- Treatment options for
remediation of dioxane in groundwater.
- 1,4-Dioxane Treatment
in Mountain View.
- Bioassay of
1,4-Dioxane for possible carcinogenicity.
Study
- 1,4-Dioxane
Comparative Analysis Study.
- Chemical oxidation of
Dioxane via alkaline-activated persulfate.
- Effects of 1,4-Dioxane
on some blood parameters of the Swiss Albino Mice.
- ART in well-technology
proves effective in treating 1,4-Dioxane contamination.
- Decomposition of
1,4-dioxane by photo-fenton oxidation coupled with activated sluge
in polyester.
- Kinetics of
1,4-Dioxane biodegradation by mono oxygenase-expressing bacteria.
- Phytoremediation of
Dioxane by hybrid poplar trees.
- Analysis of
1,4-dioxane.
- Effect of 1,4-Dioxane
on the expansion of montmorillonite layers.
- Mechanism of the
degradation of 1,4-dioxane in dilute aqueous solution.
Market
Demands
- Story of Compact for
safe cosmetics and growing demand for safer products.
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