- Alum, in chemistry, is
a term given to the crystallized double sulfates of the typical formula
M2SO4·MIII2(SO4)3·24H2O, where M is the sign of an alkali metal
(potassium, sodium, rubidium, caesium), silver or ammonium), and MIII
denotes one of the trivalent metals (aluminium, chromium, or ferric
iron).
- They are soluble in
water, have an astringent, acid, and sweetish taste, react acid to
litmus, and crystallize in regular octahedra. When heated they liquefy;
and if the heating be continued, the water of crystallization is driven
off, the salt froths and swells, and at last an amorphous powder
remains.
- Alum (Aluminium
Sulphate) is manufactured by the reaction of Alumina Hydrate and Bauxite
with Sulphuric acid.Bauxite is ground in the pulveriser to 90% passing
through 200 mesh and elevated to Batch Hopper through Bucket Elevator.
Measured quantity of water is to be taken into the Lead bonded reactor
and slowly concentrated Sulphuric acid is to be added in the reactor.
After getting the required temperature in the reactor, slowly the ground
bauxite is added . After the addition of measured quantity of
Bauxite/Alumina Hydrate, the Agitator is kept on for about 45 minutes
then the solution is dumped into the settling tank.
- The decanted solution
of Aluminium Sulphate for the mixed process is then again taken to the
Reactor and the required quantity of Sulphuric Acid is slowly added and
after getting the temperature. The required quantity of Hydrated Alumina
is slowly added keeping agitator rotating. After the addition of total
quantity the Alum is moulded in the trays with the help of tray filling
arrangement. The slabs after cooling are to be taken out from the trays
and stacked in the store.
- Most of the alum
produced today is used in the pulp & paper industry as well as water
and wastewater treatment. It is inexpensive and effective for a broad
range of treatment problems because it can function as a coagulant,
flocculant, recipitant and emulsion breaker. As a coagulant and
flocculant, alum removes turbidity, suspended solids and colloidal
color, reduces biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and clarifies potable,
process and wastewater.
- The main uses of alum
are: Water treatment: used as a coagulant to remove suspended solids and
or some metals (eg Cr, Ba, Cu) from water (either drinking water or in
waste treatment facilities)
Paper sizing: used as a rosin sizing
control in paper production, affects the drainage of liquor from the
paper
- Kemiron Companies Inc.
ranks as the USA’s largest producer and marketer of a complete product
range of iron and aluminium coagulants. The primary production units are
located in Bartow (Florida), Mojave (California), Fontana (California),
St. Louis (Missouri), Rowley (Utah), Houston (Texas), Gastonia (North
Carolina), Savannah (Georgia) and Spokane
- Ferric & Non-ferric
alum process details are provided
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General
Information
- Alum
- Aluminium
Sulphate
- Definition: Alum
- Ferric and
Non-Ferric
- Environmental
Research
- Crystal chemistry of the alumns
Company
Profile
- Company from UK
- Assam Company
- Company from
Haryana
- Indian Company from
Karnataka
- Company from
Gujarat
- Indian Company from
Gujarat
- Indian Company from
AP
Consultants
- New York
Consultant
- US Consultant
- Indian
Consultant
- Consultant
Colorado
- Project Report preparation
Process
- Coagulation and
Flocculation Process Fundamentals
- Experimental
Program
- The Preparation of
Common Alum from Scrap Aluminum
- Production of Alum from
Awaso Bauxite
- Inorganic
Chemistry
- Ferric Ammonium
Sulfate
Applications
- The Determination of
Total Base of Urine With an Iron Exchange Resin Conditioned as
Iodate
- The Whatmans and Wove
Paper
- Pulp & Paper
Application
- Removal of Arsenic
Fluoride from Drinking Water With Cake Alum and a Polymeric Anionic
Flocculent
- The use of Alum, Ferric chloride and Ferrous sulphate as
coagulants in removing suspended solids, colour and COD from
semi-aerobic landfill leachate at controlled pH
- Use of Ferric Ammonium
Sulfate in SerumCholesterol Determination
- Water Production &
Distribution
Technology
- Comparative Studies for
Selection of Technologies for Arsenic Removal from Drinking Water
- Coagulation with Metal Salts
- Industrial Water Treatment
- Bromley on Membranes:
Assessing Membrane Technology
- Salinity Removal
Technologies
Patent
- Production of aluminum
sulfate from coal ash
- Etching Molybdenum With
Ferric Sulphate and Ferric Ammonium Sulfate
- Lawn Moss Control With
Ferric Ammonium Sulfate-Ammonium Sulfate Double Salts
- Magnetic Fluids and
Process for Obtaining them
- Method for Etching thin
Nickel Iron Film to make a Magnetic Recording Head
- Production of Aluminium
Compounds and Silica from Ores
- Teat Cautery
Bullet
- Thixotropic Liquid and
Process for its Production
- Use of alum to inhibit
ammonia volatilization and to decrease phosphorus solubility in poultry
litter
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Project &
Plant
- Project Outline
- Coagulation and Flocculation
- Ferric Alum
- Non-ferric Alum
- Ferric Alum
Plant
- Power Plants
- Chemical Plants
- Sulphuric Acid
suppliers
- Alumina Trihydrate
suppliers
- Bauxite Supplier
- Raw material Supplier
- Another raw material
supplier
Material Safety
Data Sheet
- Ferric ammonium sulfate
dodecahydrate
- Ferric Alum
Indicator ASTM for Chloride
- Safety data for ferric
ammonium sulfate
- Ferric Ammonium
Sulfate, Saturated Solution
- Ferric Ammonium
Sulfate
Properties &
Functions
- Implications for
Activated Sludge Properties and Waste Water Treatment
- Effect of Calcium from
Arsenic Release from Ferric and Alum Sludges and Lagoons
- Magnetic properties of
materials
- Coagulation
Studies
- Inorganic
Analysis.
- Hydrolyzing metal salts
as coagulants
- Treatment of pulping
effluents by using alum and clay - Colour removal and sludge
characteristics
Market &
Report
- Water Supply &
Waste Water Treatment Market in China
- Retail Market
Price Trends
- Kemira Annual
Report
- Longterm experience in
the use of polymeric coagulants at Umgeni Water
- Performance and
Cost-Effectiveness of Ferric and Aluminum Hydrous
Metal Oxide Coating
on Filter Media to Enhance Virus Removal
- Pollutants in Tannery
Effluents
- 2006 Annual Drinking
Water Quality Report Bay County Water Division
- Usage in fertilizer
project
- Power Plants - bulk
consumer of Alam
Equipment
Suppliers
- Equipment Suppliers
-
Bucket Elevator
Supplier
- Belt Conveyors
Suppliers
- Grinding Mill
Manufacturers & Suppliers
- Jaw Crushers
Suppliers
- Screw Conveyors
Suppliers
- Storage Tanks
Suppliers
- Weighing Machines
Suppliers
Suppliers &
Buyers
- Indian Suppliers
- Non Ferric Aluminum
Sulfate Manufacturers & Suppliers
- Indian Supplier
- Gujarat Aluminium
Sulphate Suppliers
- Indian Supplier from
Cochin
- Chemical
Manufacturers
- Maharashtra Directory
for Non Ferric Alum
- Indian Supplier from
Maharashtra
- Selling Leads for
Ferric Alum
- Manufacturers/Suppliers
of Ferric Chloride
- Gujarat Supplier
- Indian Supplier from
Gujarat
- Ferric and Non-Ferric
Alum Buyers
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