- The National Family Planning Programme of India
had introduced condom as one of the family planning methods in the
late1960s.
- Promotion of condom use for preventing unwanted
pregnancies is somewhat curbed by promoting it to prevent HIV/AIDS
- Male and female condoms are barrier methods of
contraception. They stop sperm meeting an egg.
- The most common type of male condom is a fine
latex rubber sheath, which is worn on an erect (stiff) penis.
Nonlatex condoms made from polyurethane are also available
- The Government of many countries receive grants
from the Global Fund to fight HIV under
New Funding Model (NFM) which it intends to use part of the proceeds
to fund payments
under the contract for the Supply and Delivery of Male Condoms.
- Condom manufacturer should have a registration
license from Regulatory authority
- The primary raw material used to make male
condoms is natural rubber latex which is obtained
from the tree Hevea brasiliensis
- Latex used in the dipping industry is
concentrated by centrifugation to a dry rubber content of
60%. Manufacturers will normally use latex meeting the requirements
of ASTM D1076-06 or ISO 2004: 1997- Natural rubber latex concentrate
-- Centrifuged or creamed, ammonia-preserved types – Specification
- Most manufacturers rely upon certificates of
analysis supplied by the latex supplier to confirm that the latex is
within specification but manufacturers should conduct their own
testing, using independent laboratories if necessary to confirm
compliance
- The chemicals used to vulcanise the latex are
normally added as solutions, emulsions or, in the case of solid
materials, as dispersions suspended in water
- Actual formulations and compounding procedures
vary from manufacturer to manufacturer and
are often regarded as proprietary and highly confidential
- The production of condoms is much more labor
intensive than that of glove manufacturing, because of more
stringent testing needs, more complicated packaging, and significant
product differentiation.
- After prevulcanization and /or maturation the
solids content of the latex is adjusted to that required for dipping
by adding ammoniated water
- There are many different designs of dipping
plant.
- Formers mounted on a chain progress around the
dipping line sequentially entering and exiting
the various stages. The key online stages are: former cleaning,
former drying, dip tank one, drying, dip tank two, drying, beading,
final drying/vulcanization, leaching and stripping
- The freshly manufactured condoms are subjected to
a series of washing and treatment processes designed to remove
residual chemicals from the latex film and deposit a thin coating of
powder in the condom to prevent sticking as the condoms are dried
and subjected to testing and packaging.
- Prior to packaging condoms are subjected to 100%
inspection for freedom from holes using electronic testing
- Contraceptive prevalence is projected to increase
from 17 to 27 per cent in Western Africa, from 23 to 34 per cent in
Middle Africa, from 40 to 55 per cent in Eastern Africa, and from 39
to 45 per cent in Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia
- The Commodity Fund (CF) provides central funds to
procure male and female condoms for HIV/AIDS programs and it ensures
their expedited delivery to USAID supported countries
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