- Aristolochic acids
are a family of carcinogenic, mutagenic, and nephrotoxic
compounds commonly found in the Aristolochiaceae
family of plants, including Aristolochia and Asarum, which are
commonly used in Chinese herbal medicine.
- Aristolochic acid
I is the most abundant of the aristolochic acids and is found in
almost all Aristolochia species.
- Aristolochic acid
(AA) is a known nephrotoxin (kidney) and potential carcinogen.
- Aristolochic acids
may be a causative agent in Balkan nephropathy.
- Exposure to
aristolochic acid is associated with a high incidence of
uroepithelial tumorigenesis.
- Aristolochic acids
are slightly soluble in water, have a melting point between 281
and 286 degrees celsius, and have a bitter flavor.
- Herbal drugs
derived from Aristolochia species have been known since
antiquity and were used in obstetrics and in the treatment of
snake bites.
- Plants containing
aristolochic acids are often used as herbal medicines or in
other botanical products in the United States and abroad.
- Aristolochic acids
may be found as a contaminant in herbal products used to treat a
wide variety of symptoms and diseases, such as arthritis, gout,
and inflammation.
- Aristolochic acid
(AA), a mixture of aristolochic acid I (AAI) and aristolochic
acid II (AAII), is present in Aristolochiaceae plants, many of
which are used as herbal folk remedies.
- Aristolochic acid
is the active component of herbal drugs derived from
Aristolochia species that have been used for medicinal purposes
since antiquity.
- FDA has developed
a method for determination of aristolochic acid in botanical
products.
- Samples are
powdered, then extracted using 80:18:2 methanol:water:formic
acid. This extract is filtered, then analyzed for the primary
isomer, aristolochic acid I, using HPLC with UV detection.
Extracts are then analyzed by LC-MS/MS for confirmation of both
positive and negative results.
- Since LC-MS/MS is
used in all cases, WCAS uses this technique exclusively for
measurement of aristolochic acid.
- A facile
reversed-phase HPLC method for the analysis of aristolochic acid
(AA) and aristolactam (AL) analogues was developed and used for
the quantitative determination and quality control of the
traditional Chinese medicine.
- The pipevine
swallowtail, Battus philenor, feeds exclusively on plants in the
genus Aristolochia, many of which are known to contain the toxic
alkaloids collectively known as aristolochic acids.
- Aristolochic acid
(I) and (II) are the primary aristolochic acids found in
Aristolochia californica. The highest concentration of
aristolochic acids was found in the flowers, which bloom before
B. philenor emerges.
- Aristolochic acids
(AAs), a family of structurally related nitrophenanthrene
carboxylic acids, are found naturally in medicinal plants such
as Radix aristolochiae or herbs such as Aristolochia spp..
- The herbs sold on
the Asian market are used to relieve pain by subdueing
hyperactivity of the liver, to induce diuresis, as well as to
control weight.
- In the early
years, ingestion of AAs was incriminated in the outbreak of the
so-called Chinese herbs nephropathy (CHN), severe
tubulointerstitial nephritis.
- Many countries
including UK, Canada, Australia, and Germany have announced
banning to restrict the importation, sale, and use of
Aristolochic acid containing medicines like Aristolochia fangchi
and Mutong.
- Aristolochia spp.
and Asarum spp. are widely used in traditional Chinese medicine
(TCM), but those products are regulated as medicines in Taiwan.
- Aristolochic acid
(AA), a mixture of structure-related nitrophenanthrene
carboxylic acid derivatives derived from Aristolochia spp, is
associated with nephrotoxin and carcinogen.
- A reversed-phase
high performance liquid chromatographic method was established
for the quantitative determination of aristolochic acid in
different parts of Asarum heterotropoides produced in different
places and growing years.
- Aristolochic acids
are a family of acids found naturally in the plants Aristolochia
and Asarum, which grow throughout the United
States and worldwide.
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General
Information
- Aristolochic Acid
- Aristolochic acid
general information
- Aristolochia
species and Aristolochic acids
- Aristolochic acid
general facts
Process &
Functions
- Anti-microbial
Activity of Aristolochic Acid from Root of Aristolochia
bracteata Retz
- Determination of
aristolochic acid in Chinese herbal medicine by capillary
electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection
- Quantitative
Determination of Aristolochic Acid in Asarum
heterotropoides Fr. Schmidt var. mandshuricum (Maxim.) Kitag.
- The molecular
mechanisms of aristolochic acid nephropathy
- Human cytosolic
enzymes involved in the metabolic activation of carcinogenic
aristolochic acid: evidence for reductive activation by human
NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase
- Mechanism of
chronic aristolochic acid nephropathy
- Detection of
Aristolochic Acid
- The Effect of
Aristolochic Acids on Preference and Performance of a
Non-Specialist Herbivore
- Effect of
aristolochic acid on intracellular calcium concentration and its
links with apoptosis in renal tubular cells
Studies
- NMR Studies on the
Subacute Biochemical Effects of Aristolochic Acid on Rat Serum
- Pharmacokinetics
and nephrotoxicity of
aristolochic acid in rabbits
- Human and
experimental features of aristolochic acid nephropathy
- Sequestration of
aristolochic acids by the pipevine swallowtail, Battus philenor
(L.): evidence and ecological implications
- Cytochrome P450
1A2 Detoxicates Aristolochic Acid in the Mouse
- Studies on
pharmacokinetics of aristolochic acid I in rats
- Population-Based
Case–Control Study of Chinese Herbal Products Containing
Aristolochic Acid and Urinary Tract Cancer Risk
Patent
- Process for
extracting aristolochic acids
- Peptide nucleic
acid combinatorial libraries and improved methods of synthesis
- Electroscopic
carrier particles having a carboxylic acid surface treatment
- Products for
preventing penetration into the skin
- Taliscanin and
other aristolactams for treating neurological disorders,
Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer disease and impotence
- Method to modulate
hematopoietic stem cell growth
Company Profiles
- Company from USA
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Taiwan
- Company from India
- Company from
America
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Consultancy
- Consultancy from
Belgium
- Consultancy from
Hong Kong
- Consultancy from
Canada
- Consultancy from
USA
- Consultancy from
Ireland
- Consultancy from
USA
- Consultancy from
New Delhi
- Consultancy from
South Australia
- Consultancy from
UK
- Consultancy from
USA
Suppliers
- Aristolochic Acid
Suppliers
- Aristolochic Acid
Suppliers and manufacturers
- Selling Leads of
Aristolochic Acid
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Analysis
- Aristolochic acids
affect the feeding behaviour and development of Battus
polydamas archidamas larvae (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae: Troidini)
- Analysis of the
Analogues of Aristolochic Acid and
Aristolactam in the Plant of Aristolochia Genus by HPLC
- Analyzing
Aristolochic Acids in Chinese Herbal Preparations Using LC/MS/MS
- Identification
tests of aristolochic acid in crude drugs by reversed phase
TLC/Scanning densitometry
- Analysis of
Aristolochic Acid in Asarum (Xixin) and Its
Preparations by Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry
- Analysis of
aristolochic acid I and II in kampo medicine preparations
- A model without a
mimic: aristolochic acids from the california pipevine
swallowtail, battus philenor hirsuta and its host plant,
aristolochia californica
- Recent progress in
quantitative analysis of DNA adducts of nephrotoxin aristolochic
acid
Application & Products
- Gene Expression
Profiles Distinguish the Carcinogenic Effects of Aristolochic
Acid in Target (Kidney) and Non-target (Liver) Tissues
in Rats
- Carcinogenic and
Nephrotoxic Alkaloids Aristolochic Acids
upon Activation by NADPH : Cytochrome P450 Reductase
Form Adducts Found in DNA of Patients with Chinese
Herbs Nephropathy
- Aristolochic Acid
- Aristolochic acid
application note
- Product data sheet
- Aristolochic acid
Material
Safety Data Sheet
- Aristolochic acid
I pure
- Aristolochic acid
II rotichrom HPLC
- Aristolochic acid,
mixture of I and II (approx. 1:1)
- Aristolochic acid
sodium salt
- Aristolochic acid
- Aristolochic acid
msds
- Aristolochic acid
I sodium salt
Technology
- The Elevation of
L-3-Hydroxybutyrate Concentrations in the Serum
of Aristolochic Acid-Treated Mice
- Assessment of
Chinese medicinal herb metabolite
profiles by UPLC-MS-based methodology for the
detection of aristolochic acids
- Aristolochic Acid
by LC-MS/MS
- Sequence specific
detection of aristolochic acid DNA adducts in the human p53 gene
by terminal transferase dependent PCR
Toxicity
- Report on
Carcinogens
Background Document for
Aristolochic Acids
- Selective Toxicity
of Aristolochic Acids I and II
- Aristolochic Acids
- Genotoxicity of
Aristolochic Acid: A Review
- Traditional herbal
medicines containing plant species of the genus Aristolochia are
carcinogenic to humans
Risks
- Risk evaluation
and determination of aristolochic acids and heavy metals in
Chinese herbal medicines
- Aristolochic acid
as a risk factor for Balkan endemic nephropathy
Report
- Aristolochic acid
and the etiology of endemic (Balkan) nephropathy
- Aristolochic Acids
- FDA Alerts
Americans of Possible Danger of Herbal Supplements that May
Contain Aristolochic Acid
- Aristolochic Acid
(Chinese-herb) Nephropathy
- Plants containing
aristolochic acid
- Safety of herbal
preparations
on the Dutch market
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